What is the role of learning in enhancing the effectiveness of extension and advisory services and increasing their impact? What institutional arrangements need to be put in place to support lifelong learning by farmers and other key actors for continuous innovation? What form should they take and how should they evolve? What mechanisms exist for monitoring and evaluating extension and advisory services to support learning and make them more accountable and which are feasible? What research is needed to fill the knowledge gaps?

RESEARCH AND EXTENSION-DRIVEN NETWORKS AND
RESEARCH-EXTENSION FARMER PLATFORMS

FARMER-DRIVEN NETWORKS AND
FARMER-TO-FARMER EXTENSION

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS TO TRIGGER AND
SUSTAIN LEARNING NETWORKS